Science Inquiry Skills and Education Essay - 1509 Words

The stages of scientific enquiry have been developed and refined over time, to add consistency of approach and structure to systematic investigation. These processes; stimulus, curiosity, enquiry, initial investigation/observation, initial perception, initial hypothesis, experimentation, observation and recording, drawing conclusions, evaluation of initial hypothesis, formation of new hypothesis and re-experimentation, are perceived as a sequential flow of enquiry. However, in reality they are less well defined, due to sub-sequences and adaptations necessary to accommodate changing requirements. The extent and depth attainable within the stages are governed by the capabilities of the individuals involved. If the procedure of scientific†¦show more content†¦(Vygotsky, 1987:211) Bruner, amongst others, expanded this concept, by introducing ‘Scaffolding’; a framework whereby individuals provide additional stimulus, information, environment or resources to facilitat e a learner until confident to pursue knowledge independently and support is withdrawn. Constructivism accommodates the limitations of younger children due to their lack of experiential knowledge and motor dexterity, by focusing on specific scientific enquiry skills which are within their capability, such as handling resources and using the senses to explore the properties of materials. Freezing and melting water to observe its different states is a practical example within the classroom. Stimulus and curiosity is achieved by encouraging interaction with water and freezing it in an engaging way; for example, filling a rubber glove before putting it into a freezer. This fulfils key criteria identified in The Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage, (EYFS): †¢ Investigate objects and materials by using all of their senses as appropriate †¢ Find out about, and identify, some features of living things, objects †¢ Look closely at similarities, differences, patterns and change †¢ Ask questions about why things happen and how things work. (Statutory Framework for the EYFS (2008:14) Constructivist learning concepts are reinforced by Bruner’s approach of revisiting knowledge and layeringShow MoreRelatedThe Inquiry Approach to Learning Essay915 Words   |  4 PagesInquiry is an interactive way of learning. Students are actively engaged in their studies. Inquiry involves student-centered activities focusing on questioning, exploring, and posing explanations. The goal of inquiry is to introduce a new way of learning where students can learn about the world around them through active engagement in real-life examples. Inquiry based learning can be incorporated into all academic subjects throughout the curriculum. Science could possibly be the most effectiveRead MoreUsing Scientific Inquiry Model in High School Biology1339 Words   |  6 Pagesincrease student knowledge and skills. The intent of the activities is to help students become independent learners and use process thinking skills. Students seem to lea rn best by actually directing their own learning and doing, rather than being led from step to step by the teacher. In science, it is especially important that students learn by inquiry and use more of a hands-on approach to learning scientific concepts. According to Wilke and Straits (2005), inquiry-based learning is where studentsRead MoreInquiry Based Learning1454 Words   |  6 Pagestake leadership roles (Justice, Rice, Roy, Hudsptih, Jenkins, 2009).The success and development of skills of an individual begins in school. Inquiry based learning is one approach that plays a critical role in the development in array of skills, knowledge, and concepts needed to become successful individuals and is not new to education. Inquiry based learning is not a new concept in education. Inquiry based learning can be traced back to educational theorists such as Dewey, Bruner, Postman, and WeingartenRead MoreThe Goal of Education is the Student Discovering the Power of his/her Own Mind1566 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"I know of no more important goal in education than that the child shall discover the power of his or her own mind. And I know of no more important source of that discovery for every child, than the inquiry that lives in continuing exploratory in the classroom. (Lindfors, 1999, p.247) Kindergarten is the place where children explore real experiences and know how world works. They start gradually to construct knowledge and transform their curiosities into thoughts and questions. ByRead MoreInquiry Based Science Instruction Using Science Fair Projects1386 Words   |  6 Pagescritical thinking skills necessary to function in the world of science, and the world in general, science teachers must incorporate more robust authentic inquiry activities, as part of their overall science curriculum. However, in my experience as a science teacher (18 years) and a science program director (3 years) in inner-city high schools in Boston, students do not have the opportunity to engage in robust authentic inquiry activities. Using my years’ experience in the public education system, it isRead MoreHow Inquiry Is The Process That Governs How Students Learn Within The Contents Of Science Education?784 Words   |  4 PagesInquiry is the process that governs how students learn within the contents of science education. The textbook defined inquiry as the process that students should use to learn science (Martin, Sexton, Franklin, Gerlovich, McElory 2009). They should be able to ask questions, use their questions to plan and conduct a scientific investigation, use appropriate science tools and scientific techniques, evaluate evidence and use it logically to construct several alternative explanations, and communicateRead MoreThe Implementation Of The 21st Century Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagescentury skills requires the development of the core academic subject its knowledge and understanding among all students. In the K-12 curriculum the development of scientifically, technologically, and environmentally literate and productive members of society who are critical problem solvers, responsible stewards of nature, innovative and creative citizens, informed decision makers and effective communicators is the Science curriculum goal. To carry ou t this goal, the teaching of science has to beRead MoreIntegrated Units Of Study Methods1374 Words   |  6 Pagesinteractions and experiences in which we use language, writing, reading, mathematics, science, and social studies do not occur in isolation. Rather, we draw upon our knowledge and understanding in each area as we explore, investigate, and learn each day: Just as scientists use mathematics and language arts as tools, children should have opportunities to apply and enhance their mathematics, reading, and writing skills while investigating the natural world (Bass, Contant, and Carin, 2009, p.231). InRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Teaching And Learning Programs Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pagesphilosophy of teaching aligns with Inquiry learning where a child’s natural inquisitive mind is nurtured through active learning experiences which are both child lead and adult lead and involve open communication, questioning, feedback, observation and listening (Murdoch, 2014). The inquiry learning models of Murdoch, 5Es and SAUCE will be analysed for their effectiveness in integrating the curriculum. The integration of teaching and learning programs within the context of inquiry learning, are a key componentsRead MoreCurriculum And Instruction For Atypical Learners954 Words   |  4 Pages These types of general education instructional adaptations are the focus of one of my Master’s coursework studies, Modification of Curriculum and Instruction for Atypical Learners (SPED 5366). Through the course, I gain knowledge which allows me better understand how to meet the educational needs of these atypical learners. During the course, I created an application assignment with a teaching tool that meets the needs of a student who struggle in the area of Science. In addition, I implement

The Sex Trafficking Trade - 948 Words

The sex trafficking trade has been largely acquainted with countries in Europe and South America of the years. Nonetheless, this epidemic in reality has been in the United States for some time. The United States has become tolerable because of the amount of money the sex business industry brings in annually. The youths trapped in prostitution, brothel, massage services has been on the upsurge due to a lack of assistance. Lack of acknowledgment by the government and the media has been astounding. To comprehend how to combat the issue one must be aware there has been a problem occurring. Therefore it would be essential to provide the necessary statistics for individuals to know which youths are targets by their vulnerability. The types of†¦show more content†¦Instead youths receive treatment and counseling to overcome the trauma they endured during their victimization. States such as New York, Georgia and Florida have established special programs for youths and young women that are victims of both domestic and foreign sex trafficking. These groups provide different types of services to youth such as cognitive-behavioral counseling, legal representation and health services (Fong Cardoso, 2010). However, many also receive some type of life skills training and assistance with employment through legitimate employers. Foreign youths often receive a special refugee status â€Å"unaccompanied refugee minors (URM) and are retained into federal foster care. These youths are then eligible for mental health services, education and independent living assistance. Though many services are available to these youths some are especially important for reintegration back to society. Reintegration is essential for these youths to become productive in the future. One way these programs assist youths have been through intensive mental health services. There have been several different types such as group and cognitive therapy. Sometimes intense private sessions are necessary to combat Stockholm syndrome which is when the victim becomes attached or aligned with the sex trafficker and post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) (Hardy, Compton McPhatter, 2013). Youths must realize the pattern of abuse soShow MoreRelatedSex Trafficking Is The Trade Of Humans Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesSex Trafficking     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sex trafficking is the trade of humans, most commonly for the purpose of sexual slavery, forced labor, or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others. This may encompass providing a spouse in the context of forced marriage, or the extraction of organs or tissues, including for surrogacy and ova removal.Sex trafficking is a very dangerous thing to be going on in this world.   Human trafficking can occur within a country or trans-nationally. The Metro-AtlantaRead MoreThe Forbidden Trade And Sex Trafficking1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe Forbidden Trade â€Å"I waited till they were completely asleep. And I put my suitcase by the door. And I was about to leave...sure enough, the phone rings.† The young woman answered the phone and told her captor that she was there. She continues, â€Å"I grabbed my suitcase, I ran to the elevator, and I got outside and I started running until I got as far away as I possibly could† (ABC News). This article of Miya—her real name was undisclosed— named Teen Girls Stories of Sex Trafficking published inRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The Trade Of Human Sex Trafficking Essay958 Words   |  4 Pagesof 2005 and 2008, 10 countries in the region introduced new anti-trafficking laws or modified old ones. The United Nations has also picked up the fight against ending all forms of modern slavery including human sex trafficking. The U.N implemented the a protocol that focuses on â€Å"(1) prevention and combat of trafficking persons, paying particular attention to women and chi ldren; (2) to protect and assist the victims of such trafficking, with full respect for their human rights; and (3) to promote cooperationRead MoreThe Revolution Of New Orleans1453 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, the women sent were previous prostitution offenders in France, and chose to continue their jobs in the sex trade upon arrival. This marks the beginning of New Orleans future as the largest red light district in America, and one of the first roots of the sex trade in the United States (Grant). Women continued to be shipped to the colonies due to their small population, and the sex trade continued to grow. By 1852, Herbert Asbury wrote that â€Å"no country in the world was not represented in San FranciscoRead MoreModern Day Slavery808 Words   |  3 Pagesexists something known as human Sex Trafficking. Some might refer to this as prostitution, or rather sex working, but really, the word sex trafficking teaches refers to the inhumane and unfathomably abusive ways of our so ciety. The State of California’s department of Justice refers to Human Trafficking as â€Å"controlling a person through force, fraud, or coercion to exploit the victim for forced labor, sexual exploitation, or both. The 2013 state ratings on Human Trafficking laws say that only 39 statesRead MoreThe Globalization Of Human Trafficking990 Words   |  4 Pageswill define the globalization of human trafficking through the context of the United States as a first world nation and extension of this problematic issue in European nations, such as Russia and in the Baltic region. The first world status of the United States provides a context in which human trafficking has become a major problem when defining domestic markets for criminal organizations. However, the U.S. provides an example of the impact of human trafficking that occurs on a much wider scale inRead MoreSex Trafficking : A Modern Day1360 Words   |  6 Pages In current day and age, sex trafficking is referred to as â€Å"modern-day† slavery, where sex is sold through the use of forcible behavior, and the victim is coerced by those running the deals. According to the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, the term sex trafficking is defined as, â€Å"the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for the purposes of a commercial sex act, in which the commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercionRead MoreSex Trafficking : A Common Issue For A Long Time1394 Words   |  6 Pages Sex trafficking can happen everywhere. People do not even realize when it is happening. Someone could be living their life, just as they normally do, and decided to go to the mall. Sometimes they may not even know that a little kid is going to be kidnapped, and later raped. This is what sex trafficking is. Sex trafficking is commonly defined as when violence, drugs, lies, or any other form of coercion is u sed to force another person to have sex against their will. (Sex Trafficking in the U.S, 1)Read MoreThe Sex Trade: Slavery and Prostitution Essay1387 Words   |  6 Pagestheir slaves (Potocky, 2010). Sex trade is a global problem presently and will increase throughout the world if nothing is done to prevent and eliminate it. Sex slavery is a type of prostitution in which the trafficker’s make an increased profit through the solicitation of slaves. Sex trade will continue if nothing is done to prevent it globally. Lastly, in order for sex slavery to be abolished, international governments will have to take action and support anti-sex trade. A future epidemic of womenRead MoreEssay about Sex Trafficking: How Can We Make It Stop?1158 Words   |  5 PagesSex Trafficking: How Can We Make It Stop? Introduction Sex trafficking is a problem that is happening and occurring all over the world. Many families and individuals suffer due to sex trafficking. Many people are not even aware of what it really is. Sex trafficking is when young girls, as young as five or six, get kidnapped and are used for the sexual pleasure of others with a profit, or are sold as sex slaves to other people. The official definition is, â€Å"Human sex trafficking is a form of slavery

Argumentative Thoreau Essay Free Essays

Jessica Taylor 13, February 2012 AP English Mrs. Mercer Self-Sufficiency and Individualism Can Harm a Community Henry David Thoreau goes to the woods to live away from duties and to live a life of leisure. He moves far away from any method of communication, such as the post office. We will write a custom essay sample on Argumentative Thoreau Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now He wishes to live independently and self-sufficiently. The quote â€Å"I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life†¦and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. † He summarizes his reasons for living in the woods in this quote. Thoreau wants to live deliberately; to choose his own course and have no one else influence his life. He doesn’t want to get old and look back and realize that there are things in life that he wanted to do, that he has never done. If everyone in a community lived by the virtues of individualism and self-sufficiency, then there would be no community. In a community, everyone contributes something. Individuals in a community work together, in order to solve problems and issues facing the community. Such as, if there has been a terrible natural disaster, communities work together to repair the damage. If the damage is more extensive in some areas than others, then the individuals of that community can work harder to restore it. If everyone in a community lived by the virtues of individualism and self-sufficiency, then in times of crisis or suffering, there would be no sense of community where people helped one another. Also if a community lived by these virtues, then there would be no trust. In order to gain or build trust, there has to be some sort of connection between individuals. In Thoreau’s self-sufficient world, there was no communication. If a person held the virtue of self-sufficiency, this may make other individuals feel offended. People would feel offended because today’s world is all about communication. If an individual blocked out other people and did not allow them to help him/her, then this might make the other individual feel as if they were not beneficial. Instead of being a community, it would be more of a rivalry between individuals. There would be no trust or companionship. In times when individuals would need each other’s help; there would be no sense of alliance. Everyone would be against one another, because everyone would feel as if each other were untrustworthy. In the United States, we are one giant community; there are many communities within the major one. In times of war or battle, we stand together. Above all, the citizens in the U. S are able to come together to fight the battles when needed. If every citizen in the U. S lived by the virtues of self-sufficiency and individualism then there would be no U. S. in times of war; there would be no army. In an army you must work together to find the best solution to the problem, there has to be teamwork and trust. In a self-sufficient world, everyone would want to do things in their own way, and in return this would cause chaos. A community is a beneficial factor, without it we have nothing. Yes, being self-sufficient can be a helpful virtue, but in the condition of the community it is one virtue that can destroy the community. If there was no sense of an alliance, there would be no way to survive a natural disaster or fatal event. A community can strive and recover from a setback, whereas, if an individual was self-sufficient, then this would be much more difficult. How to cite Argumentative Thoreau Essay, Essay examples

Advance Financial Accounting for Pivotal Role - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAdvance Financial Accounting for Pivotal Role. Answer: Introduction In order to derive the picture of overall financial performance of a company at certain point of time, the financial report plays pivotal role. The existence of financial report further depends on the process of financial accounting. One of the accounting techniques involves assessing asset and liabilities at current market price termed as fair value measurement. This is essential to be followed in order to bring forth authentic financial report of a company. However International finance reporting Standard 13 introduces a revised version of fair value accounting (Dvo?kov 2013). This report aims to discuss the concept of new fair value accounting process along with highlighting the underlying assumptions of the IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement. Concept IFRS 13 is the revised form of the guideline for setting framework of fair value measurement with required disclosure. As per the definition, fair value of asset or liability refers to certain price operative in the market at the day measurement is undertaken. This price is the amount seller of an asset receives or makes payment while transferring any liabilities between market agents. The assumption inherently integrated when conducting the fair value measurement is the assumption about risk. The motive behind IFRS 13 is to make fair value accounting more consistent and compatible. IFRS 13 makes fair value measurements more consistent and comparable through the execution following a hierarchy of fair value (Henderson et al. 2015). In the hierarchy categorisation of the inputs used in valuation techniques are done. The inputs are organised in three levels. Prices quoted in the current markets of assets or liabilities, which are identical gets, the highest priority in the hierarchy. Inputs, which are unobservable receives the lowest position in the hierarchy list of priority. The inputs lying in the level one are active market prices for the asses and/or liabilities, which are identical. It is accessible to agents or entities of market on the date measurement are conducted. Level two includes the inputs in quoted price different than in level one, which are observed directly or indirectly in the market for the asset and liabilities (He, Wong and Young 2012). Inputs, which are unobseravle for the asset and liability, are included in the level three inputs. The objective of this measurement lies in the very definition of it that is to undertake a transaction between market participants that involves selling or transferring liability at the date of measurement prevailing under current condition of the market. Such phenomenon would require determination of following entities: The specific asset or liability is treated as the subject of the measurement The appropriate premise in order to undertake the valuation in measurement The primary market of the asset or liability The appropriate methods of valuation technique applied in the measurement Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the measurement date. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at te. Assumptions The assumptions underlying the guidance of IFRS 13 are discussed in the following: When pricing an asset or liability is undertaken, it is the entity or market participants take the characteristics of them into account at the measurement date. The condition of the asset, the location of it and restrictions implied on the sell and purchase are major concern here. A transaction is assumed to take place between entities participating in the current market conditions. The transaction under such measurement takes place in the primary market of the liability or asset. While non-existence of such principal markets, the transaction takes place in the markets are profitable for the assets. Fair value measurement undertaken to make valuation of non-financial assets involves the best and maximum use if it. The transfer of the financial or non-financial liability, equity instruments and are made to participants in the market at the measurement date without being subject to any cancellation, settlement or extinguishment of the measurement date. The fair value of liability creates reflection of the non-performance risk and credit risk of entity subject to the risk of non-performance that the asset or liability has intrinsically. Valuation techniques Application of proper valuation techniques are of crucial importance in order to successfully run a fair value measurement. Based on the available and sufficient data, observed inputs are maximised and unobserved inputs use is minimized under such measurement techniques. Some of the widely used techniques are: Market Approach: The information about price and other relevant sources are used in these techniques, which are generated by the market transactions (Horngren et al. 2012). The assets or liabilities might be similar or comparable or even a group of assets and liabilities. Income Approach: In this approach, the cash flows regarding income or expenses incurred in future are transferred into single current amount following discount method. This generally makes reflection of the current market expectation about the cost and gains in the future. Coat Approach: This approach reflects the cost incurred at current market condition to replace the service capability of as asset. It mostly includes the replacement cost at current market price(Card 2016). Based on the requirement single to multiple techniques are applied to conduct fair value measurement. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be briefed that the revised fair value measurement operating under IFRS 13 includes more efficiency to be followed now on in order to price and make transactions more transparent and effective. References Card, C., 2016. Fair Value Accounting. Christensen, H.B. and Nikolaev, V.V., 2013. Does fair value accounting for non-financial assets pass the market test?.Review of Accounting Studies,18(3), pp.734-775. Dvo?kov, D.A.N.A., 2013. Developments in fair value measurement: some IFRS 13 view.Recent researches in applied economics, pp.151-156. He, X., Wong, T.J. and Young, D., 2012. Challenges for implementation of fair value accounting in emerging markets: Evidence from China.Contemporary Accounting Research,29(2), pp.538-562. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K. and Howieson, B., 2015.Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Horngren, C., Harrison, W., Oliver, S., Best, P., Fraser, D. and Tan, R., 2012.Financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU.

The One Essays - Holocaust Literature, Night,

The One As the dark figures enlarge through the thick fog, He walks towards them, Alone and sheltered overhead. Slowly paced, and soggy footed, he arrives. He is unable to speak or think straight. As he slowly lowers his head something catches his eye. He peacefully stares; Stares at the beautiful flowers. The flowers he and his wife planted along their fence. He could still remember the aching pain of his sore, middle aged back, The smell of his wife's worn out, one-size-too-small gloves as he took them off for her, And watching the huge red sunset as they held each other in their aching arms. They made love that night. From that day on he knew she was the one. That was a beautiful day, he thought. A loud morn awakens him from his daydream. He forgets where he is for a while, but soon remembers. He still cannot believe what is happening. To him it seems unreal. Still with his head down, he is afraid; Afraid to look, Afraid of what he might see. Confused, he begins to wonder. He searches for an answer. He had not accomplished what he had planned. As the man with the white collar speaks, he looks up. Still somewhat sceptical of the spectacle, He is afraid; Afraid to listen. He is afraid of what he might hear. Still with his confidence, he awaits; Awaits for the name of inevitability. Out it comes. A name which he remembers to have known his whole life. A name which he cared so much for. A name which he stood by, through thick and thin. A name which he called his own. He wants to feel sad but is curious. He wonders who cared. He looks up, All in black, Except for the one in red. Tight Ass Fender, was its name. Guitar strings, was its game. "You know the ones in the black pack?" "I'll get them when I get back." All I needed was the last string So I can play and I can sing. "Yes, yes" she said "I'm going out. I'll buy this thing." Monday night she went out She had to go that way too! She came back early, With a pack of blue. "Bring then back!" The Old Man Who Scared Me When I Was Little I went outside to play that day, With my mom by my side, by the way. I slid down slides and played on swings; Every time, I played with those things. On a bench to my right I saw a man, old but bright. He had skin that seemed like brown construction paper, And hair as white as snow. He had these dreamy eyes; But why, I'd like to know. He seemed so helpless wearing that old man hat, And that red flannel shirt that made him look fat. I wondered what he was doing there. I wondered what was going through his mind When I got a water gun, And wet him from behind. Before my very eyes He got up and said "Grandson. You're dead!" He then chased me around, Like a fun little fray. Slowly gaining on me like a tiger on its prey. I could stand no more so I had to say, "Okay, okay!" We stopped running and turned to each other. Red now replaced his brown paper face. With sweat pouring down his cheek he said to me, "In a race, you would win first place!"

UK Investment in Properties

UK Investment in Properties Introduction The term investment has been the topic of discussion among most ‘enlightened’ people throughout the globe. As a result the current globalization rate has made people to venture into various business and finance options in a bid to earn more income. People as well as business enterprises have opted to embark on investment as the better choice of acquiring quick and reliable income.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on UK Investment in Properties specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Investments can be of various types such as capital markets which include shares and bonds, banking and property investment just to mention but a few. All the aforementioned investment options have their own types of risks with the common ones being valuation risks, force of sale risks and the business risks (Ball and Grilli, 1997, p.280). Despite the risks accompanying the investment options, people and corporations still strive to venture into investment business because in most cases if well managed investing is very profitable. A common way of investing is through the investment property which entails purchasing a commercial property or real estate with the aim of gaining returns within a given period of time or even eternity. In most cases the owner of the investment property rarely makes use or occupies the property. In instances where the owner occupies it, they will use only a portion of it and let out the rest. After certain duration of time, the property is completely paid off and the purchaser continues to enjoy the income generated from the property (Ball and Grilli, 1997, p.280). Investment property is a type of investment option that is practiced throughout the globe. This paper is a discussion of how the UK-investment properties have been characterized by booms and crashes and if they go against the efficient market hypothesis as well as advising an investor about investing in propertie s. The Cycles of booms and crashes in the UK investment properties The United Kingdom has been categorized as one of the most developed nations of the world. For a long time UK has been among the stable locations for the investment property market (McGough and Tsolacos, 1995. p.47). However, in the recent past the investment property sector has been characterised by periods of high returns and those of negative returns hence making the sector unstable and unpredictable. This on the other hand has lowered the investor confidence in UK making most investors opt for other locations to invest. The property investment market of UK has been known to boom then suddenly crashes before it booms again. Due to the reason that the property investment market is closely related to the country’s economy, whenever it crashes, the government does all it can to get things back to normal thus it booms. The issue of booms and crashes in the UK property investment market was of concern even in ea rlier years before the globalisation era (McGough and Tsolacos, 1995. p.47). For example, UK is characterised by two major crashes of 1974 and 1990 which had significant impacts on the economic system of the nation.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While the 1974 crash caused severe crisis in the banking sector of UK, the 1990 crash led to a reduction in the value of corporate assets. This in turn affected the economy of the nation making it drop down from being among the best world’s economies. Other than the two crashes mentioned, UK has been suffering incidents of crashes due to various reasons which some of them could be the following; Property development restrictions- There could be reasons that could be hindering investors in investing in properties. These could be laid down by the state or municipality officials hence barring potential investors from choosing to invest in real estate property (McGough and Tsolacos, 1995. p.47). Taxation- The tax imposed in materials and services used in the development of properties could be so high making the cost of investing in real estate high. This will again cause a reduction in the number of people investing in properties which in turn negatively affect the market of investment properties thus a crash. Other causes of crashes in the investment property sector could include economic and political instability among other reasons. However, the duration of the crash or rather the amplitude depends on the period of government intervention or self-recovery from the crash (McGough and Tsolacos, 1995. p.48). The famous booms of investment property in the UK occurred in 1989 and 1992. The 1989 boom made the economy of UK to double up thus raising it to the top. Booms occur as a result of favourable conditions in the investment market which would make investors comfortable to develop real estate properties (McGough and Tsolacos, 1995. p.47). These conditions could include fair taxation, favourable political and economical conditions, and high demand in real estate property among other factors. When a boom occurs the investment market generates high income that in turn makes the economy of the nation go up due to the high value of the pound in the global market. Efficient market hypothesis The concept of efficient market hypothesis is very important in the investment sector and especially the property investment market. It entails provision of all the information about the market value being reflected in the prices (Malkiel, 2003, p.1). Efficient market hypothesis is related to the notion of ‘random walk’ which states that a change in price in investments represents a slight move from the previous price of the investment or market share. The coordination of the two implies that a change in price is independent of the previous one and will be immediately reflecte d in the market, thus the disclosure of the information (Malkiel, 2003, p.1). The efficient market hypothesis was used much in the vast ages where most economists and statisticians had the belief that it was difficult predicting the market prices. However, the situation has in the recent past changed given the research of some economists. The economists have argued the fact that it is possible to predict the future market prices. Efficient market hypothesis go further to claim that an investor is only in a position to earn high profits after undertaking high risks. Thus, the term efficiency is controversial with the recent economists arguing that efficiency means having less risks in the market (Scott and Judge, 2000, p.1).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on UK Investment in Properties specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the context of the booms and crashes of the UK investment property market, it does not fully repres ent the efficient market hypothesis. This is because a market cannot be fully efficient so that one is able to perfectly predict the future outcome. As mentioned above, efficient market hypothesis indicates that changes in prices of the market will be immediately reflected in the property prices (Malkiel, 2003, p.1). This is not the case in the property investment of UK because; this unlike other investment types is long-term with slow reflection of the market prices. In addition to this, efficient market hypothesis argues that it is not able to predict future market prices, while in property investment market given the cycles of booms and crashes it is able to predict the market prices of the investment properties. This is because, from the trend, property investors would expect that a crash would lead to a boom in the next cycles hence able to predict the price thus the choice of cause of action. Advice to investors on investing in properties Property investment is among the top l ucrative businesses in the United Kingdom and the whole world at large. Because of this, investors have to acquire the best advice from financial advisors lest they make the wrong choice. Since all the investors of the property investment venture in the market with the aim of gaining profit, it is important that they achieve their goal (Hebner, 2007, p. 243). Among the advice given is to ensure that the investor has adequate information concerning the property, the market situation, prices among other factors. This would enable one to make a sound decision based on the information they have got. Choosing the UK market as an investment location is a good idea because of the following reasons; There are available sources of funds from money lending institutions for willing investors who may not have all the required funds. The economy of the United Kingdom has been favourable for property investment despite the little havocs that have affected it (Hebner, 2007, p. 243). The United Ki ngdom has an ideal market of property which investors would be looking forward to investing in. In addition to the stable economy of UK, the nation has a stable and favourable political environment. These are just some of the few reasons as to why one would be advised to invest in the UK property investment market. Nevertheless, given the concerns of booms and crashes, it is important that an investor predicts the market price of property investment before making the decision of investing (Hebner, 2007, p. 265). This is to avoid losses that could occur as a result of negative returns.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion From the above discussion it can be concluded that the fact that the UK investment properties is characterised by periods of high and negative returns is an indication of riskiness in this business. This evidence goes against the efficient market hypothesis because of the reason that the economists have argued that prices of the real investments are partly predictable (Shiller, 1999, p.103). This therefore is an indication that given the right advice, an investor in real estate would be in a position to avoid the risks involved in the venture. Despite the fact that the UK property investment has been characterized by the booms and crashes, it is still a good location for investing because of the opportunity and benefits that come in hand with investing in the UK market (Shiller, 1999, p.103). Last but not least is the fact that, the knowledge of the cycle that is being aware of when a boom or crash is expected would equip one with the instruments of avoiding risks and mak ing profits. Reference List Ball, M. and Grilli, M. (1997) UK commercial property investment: time-series characteristics and modelling strategies, Journal of Property Research, 14, 279Â ± 96. Hebner, T. (2007). Index Funds: The 12-Step Program for Active Investors, IFA Publishing. McGough, T. and Tsolacos, S. (1995) Property cycles in the UK: an empirical investigation of the stylized facts, Journal of Property Finance, 6(4), 45Â ± 62. Malkiel, B. (2003). The Efficient Market Hypothesis and Its Critics. Web. Scott, P. Judge, G. (2000). Cycles and steps in British commercial property values. Web. Shiller, R. (1999). Human Behaviour and the Efficiency of the Financial System Handbook of Macroeconomics.

Leadership & Communication Skills Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership & Communication Skills - Assignment Example out this problem, I tried to mediate while at the same time maintaining control, and keeping the lines of communication open rather than closing them simply in reaction. This strategy worked for me, as I was able to reach a compromise after meeting with three of group and separately designing a more formal training and recruitment procedure together. My leadership style is based on patterns of effective decision making and teamwork, as well as principles of communication which value both upward and downward communication within an organization. I think that leadership is an especially important issue for professionals to consider, because in many cases they are perceived as being the effective district leaders, and must present strong leadership skills and a sense of direction in order to optimize employee performance. Too often, different departments of organizations tend to dissolve along lines of ineffective communication in group meetings in which the leader becomes less of a lea der and more of a scapegoat or outmoded mouthpiece of the status quo, and in situations such as these, political infighting and departmental disagreement over issues of funding and allocation make take priority over what should be the clear mission and shared vision of all involved; that is, determining what is best for the customer (or, in my case, the student body) in terms of loyalty and behavior, and implementing programs which bring about success in the organization. The problem that I was facing was that four of the people under my leadership were trying to undermine my authority and add their own charter to the group, which would give them an unfair position. I reached a compromise with the group, as mentioned, convincing three of them instead to overhaul radically the membership training procedures for the group. The fourth member was then left alone in opposition to my leadership. It was unfortunate that this member had to be left alone, but I had to make a decision. A

Report Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Report - Coursework Example The use of a simple pendulum experiment in the study of motion helps to provide valuable insights into the acceleration of objects due to the gravitation force. In this experiment, a mass is suspended from one end of a piece of string and set in motion to determine the number of oscillations in a particular period. Such an oscillatory motion (to and from motion) is referred to as simple harmonic motion. The time a pendulum takes to swing forth and back is affected by factors such as the pendulum’s length and the acceleration due to the gravitation. A shorter pendulum has a shorter period to complete a single oscillation than a longer pendulum. In view of this, this simple pendulum experiment used the relation between the length applied in the pendulum and the time of oscillation to estimate the value of acceleration due to the gravitation force (Avison & Caribbean Examinations Council, 1988). The simple pendulum experiment was mainly conducted to facilitate the understanding of the relationship between different parameters in an oscillatory system. In addition, the experiment seeks to use its data analysis to facilitate the calculation of a value for the gravitational acceleration (g) and compare this value with the widely accepted value of 9.81 m/s2. If a mass of m hangs from the string in a simple pendulum experiment and sets to swing with small amplitude, the mass will oscillate back and forth in a simple harmonic motion. In this scenario, the mass of the bob becomes the inertia as the tangential component changes the direction every time the bob (mass) passes the center of its swing and hence acting to restore the mass to its midpoint. For this reason, the restoring force, F = - mg sin (á ´â€œ). However, if the angle á ´â€œ is very small, then it is assumed that sin (á ´â€œ) ≈ á ´â€œ, hence, F = - magá ´â€œÃ¢â‚¬ ¦.. Equation (1). The angle á ´â€œ of displacementá ´â€œ can be determined from the equilibrium using the arc length, x,

Importance of Organizational Culture in the work force Term Paper

Importance of Organizational Culture in the work force - Term Paper Example In an environment which is rapidly changing, organizations have started giving a serious thought on how to increase effectiveness within firms. In order to accomplish objectives and goals, organizations are evaluating ways and strategies both for internal and well as external management. Once goals are perfectly aligned with the vision of the company, addressing the cultural type of the organization is essential in order to advance these objectives and goals into actions. A well defined organizational culture also helps in ensuring that necessary changes are successfully implemented. An organization is a platform shared by individuals and teams who perform in a united way with the objective of earning profits for the company as well as the livelihood for them. The working style of each organization is unique and this often ends up contributing to the culture. The beliefs, principles, values and ideologies of an organization constitute its culture. A workplace culture controls employe e behavior within and outside the organization. The overall effectiveness of an organization can be determined through various indicators. Organizational orientation, employee satisfaction, organizational growth performance and organizational culture are few of them. As a result of its influence, organizational culture has started getting importance in business terms and is currently the one of the most analyzed subject for researchers and analysts. In the present study organizational culture will be studied with respect to its various dimensions. Few of the organizational behavior and cultural theories will be discussed in detail. This will helping the overall evaluation will be the base for strategy implementations for managers and business. Culture is known as a wide concept and the various elements differ according to the area of business. Thus, understanding its dimensions and purpose is important for proper implementation of organizational culture in any organization. Many of the success stories link performance with culture of the organization. Organizational culture can be referred as a pattern of shared beliefs and values demonstrated by company employees in their daily behaviors and activities. An organizational cu

Thermal Solutions to Reduce Electricity Costs

Thermal Solutions to Reduce Electricity Costs Executive summary This report investigates and analyses the thermal solutions to reduce the electricity cost for senior school at St Aidan’s Anglican Girls’ School. Approaches of analysis include calculating energy loss, thermal current and comparing current costs and revised costs, as well as the long-term (each term and annual) prediction for power consumption. The annual electricity cost is predicted to be $23064.56. All calculations can be found in the Appendix. Results from calculated data show that 29.09% of the power consumption can be reduced by replacing 36 W lights from 18 W tube light bulbs ($4.90 for two tubes, $44.10 overall) and installing the Hampton thermal curtains ($276 in total) with pelmet boxes ($183) of five years life expectancy. Hence, they are suggested to renovate every five years to maintain the efficiency of thermal curtains. Although these installations will need $503.10 initially, the payback will begin from the 7th month. This report evaluates that the current setting of the classroom in senior school can be altered to protect the environment and minimise electricity costs. Therefore, there are some recommendations: Install the Hampton thermal curtains with pelmet boxes Thermal curtains should be shut all the time in order to achieve the revised cost Small technology devices (e.g. projector, printer, iron and hot glue guns) usage should be minimised to reduce power usage (e.g. turn them off instead of stand-by when not using) There are some weaknesses of the report: Thermal current of furniture in the room is not considered. Monthly temperature data are not exact results, they are based on past average temperature data. Number of classrooms are an approximation instead of counting due to variation in classroom setting (e.g. one air-conditioner, more or less lights, fridge) Key assumptions The power is assumed to be used only on schooldays. The energy loss from the recorded data (the energy required to cool down) is assumed to be the same every day. The room is assumed to be a closed system, so the thermal current of windows is equivalent to the power usage of both air-conditionings. Power Usage Analysis Introduction Thermal (heat) energy always tends to transfer from one hot space spreading to colder surroundings space by conduction, convection and radiation (Cambridge University Press, 2014) and its flow is affected by the temperature difference. Thermal current () is the rate at which heat energy passes through a material, which is calculated as . The thermal conductivity (k) is a measure of how well the material transfers heat; lower values of conductivity indicate better insulating material. Thermal insulators such as thermal curtains and double glazing windows are commonly used in homes or buildings to maintain constant room temperature by prevention of convection current and minimise energy usage. This report will investigate, analyse and recommend thermal solutions for the school to reduce electricity usage and environmental benefits. Investigation and discussion Note: All data refers to Appendix – Calculation The data was collected by using Sparkvue temperature sensors connected to a computer. The first 30 minutes of the data was disregarded due to the sensor being exposed to direct sunlight, leading to the extremely high temperature (especially the peak at 3:19pm at 47.4Â °C) at the beginning of the data (Graph 1). Through analysis and calculations of the data, the internal temperature change had a positive gradient (between 5:04pm and 6:04pm) which indicated the room was gaining energy as the air-conditioning turned off (347.08 W). Current power usage During schooldays, 18 lights were used 1 hour 43 minutes per day and two air-conditionings were used 10 hours daily on average. The lights were found to consume a relatively low amount of energy of 1.11 kWh daily. Since the room was assumed to be a closed system, theoretically, the thermal current of the windows (137.14 kWh) should be equivalent to the power usage of air-conditioners. However, due to the information written on the air-conditioning was its upper most power usage, they would not be equal. In fact, the calculated consumption (Table 2) was less than the given data, which indicated the difference in power usage could be attributed to dissipation through the walls, floors and doors openings. Moreover, the total consumption (139.52 kWh) included the power consumption of lights and technology devices in the room to achieve higher accuracy. Thermal solutions Thermal solutions are reasonable and beneficial to diminish power consumption. The 36 W light bulbs can be replaced by 18 W lights, which each consume 0.56 kWh daily. Furthermore, thermal curtains are the most common thermal products, because more internal thermal convection current will be blocked, especially when the curtains are extended so that it reaches the floor. This would prevent the convection current and reduce energy flow into the room (Figure 9). Double and triple glazing of windows are commonly used as well, due to vacuum between glass panes eliminating losses by conduction and convection; however, installation is expensive, so thermal curtains are the most economic thermodynamic barriers to use in order to reduce the energy usage. Figure 9 – No gap (Rogers A, 2011) From researching thermal curtains, the Hampton thermal curtain is thermal coated which reduces a maximum of 25% energy loss (Energy.GOV, 2012). Only the front windows have contact with direct sunlight; others are all under shelter, so thermal curtains will only cover these. Hence, the Hampton thermal curtain is suggested to be installed for energy reduction, costing $276 in total. Pelmet boxes cost $183 overall, because the side of the front windows have a length of 6.02 m each, it would be reasonable to get two 6.10 m pelmet box on each side(some space for the curtain rod). The life expectancy of thermal curtains is usually five years; it is reasonable for the school to renovate new curtains every five years. It can be seen from Graph 2 that the costs maintain the same and increases by another full cost of $503.1 after renovating at the end of each five year cycle. Furthermore, the power usage with thermal solutions is calculated to be 97.25 kWh, having a 29.09% difference compared with the current settings. CBA – Cost Benefit Analysis The CBA graph (Graph 3) shows the current cost model and revised cost model accumulating over time. The break-even point occurs in the 7th month and when the current cost is approximately equivalent to the revised cost at $1661.8 and $1654.3, the current cost will exceed the revised cost. According to the CPI in Queensland has been fluctuating from 2007 to 2012 (Figure 10), which may continue changing in the next few years. By considering a long-term situation, Graph 4 illustrates an example of revised cost will increase every five years due to renovation of curtains, whilst maintaining a smaller rate of power consumption than the current cost. The power consumption for each term is calculated (Table 3-6) and used to investigate the annual revised cost of $23064.56 and 28.98% of electricity cost will be reduced from current cost in the senior school. If the electricity price increases 5% for both peak and off-peak hours, the trend would stay the same as the current cost has a higher gradient than the revised cost (Graph 4) and the fluctuation has an impact on the overall costs. (Australian Government, 2015) Figure 10 – CPI Annual Change Brisbane Recommendations The ultimate goal of diminishing the energy usage is to protect our environment and minimise energy consumption. Therefore: Thermal curtains with pelmet boxes and light bulbs should be installed. Curtains should be shut all the time in order to achieve the revised cost. It would be the most economical way if all small technology devices are not used at all (e.g. projector, printer, iron and hot glue guns). In conclusion, after installing the thermal solutions it is predicted to spend $23064.56 annually in the senior school, and results in saving approximately $13072 on power usage when all assumptions are valid, which will therefore reduce environment impact.

Modern Day Hero VS. Anglo-Saxon Hero :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Modern Day Hero VS. Anglo-Saxon Hero During the Anglo-Saxon period, people worshiped Hero's. Here are a couple of ways how a modern day hero can be compared to one in the past. Nolan Ryan will be my choice of a classic modern day hero. One of the firsts of a hero's characteristic is that he performs "Outstanding Deeds". On page thirty-five in Beowulf "Higlac's brave follower tearing out his hand of the monster, his hatred rose higher but his power has gone." So to me that could be called an outstanding deed. Now Nolan Ryan is not a War hero but a baseball player. He was forty-five at the time and he had thrown 5,511 strikeouts, witch is a record that will not be broken anytime soon. Another way to be called a hero is to give great speeches. On page 31 of Beowulf "Hail Hrothagi............." Beowulf is very good at this but on the other hand Nolan Ryan is a very humble man. So he never really gave speeches. The third characteristic of a hero is to boast about his feats. Beowulf does a good job of boasting in this next line in Beowulf on page 31, "And I am stronger than anyone in the world." To me that is a very big boast on Beowulf's part. Now for Nolan Ryan he is a very modest man and never had any reason to boast about anything, his numbers did the talking for him. Now the last of the of characteristics that is that he descended from Royalty. Now on page 31 in Beowulf, "Higlac is my cousin and my King." Now on the other hand Nolan Ryan's position in baseball had nothing to do with his family. He was noting more than a country boy from Alvin, Texas. Now all of those were characteristic of an Anglo-Saxon hero that are very different from those of a modern day hero. The first of them is if the Public eye likes the hero to be humble and have good sportsmanship. Nolan Ryan never went around taunting his opponents or talking about how good he is. But on the other hand Beowulf talked very highly of himself. I don't think the public would have liked that very much about him. Another characteristic of a modern day hero is his appearance. Nolan was a good-looking guy. He did wrangler jeans ads. He also did TV commercials for Advil.